Cooperative analysis of infrastructure perfection and residents’ living standards in poverty-stricken counties in Qinghai Province

Environment, Development and Sustainability - The western region of China has always been the main battlefield for poverty alleviation. It is essential to explore the interaction mechanism between...     

浅谈电梯导轨隔振降噪的实践研究

现代高层住宅建筑中,电梯井道与住户分隔墙体常为同一实体,使得电梯高速运行时会有较大的导轨振动噪声影响与井道共墙的相邻住户。本文论述了电梯导轨噪声的产生机理、相关技术进展,分析了部分降噪治理技术误区,并结合导轨隔振降噪治理的成功案例分析,提出正确的电梯导轨噪声治理方法。     

离心风机辐射噪声的降噪量预测

本文运用LMS Testlab软件对某风机现场工作时的噪声进行了测试分析,得出风机工作时的噪声频谱特征;运用LMS TestLab Sound Diagnosis模块的声诊断技术对采集到的风机实时信号进行了降噪量预测,为后期的噪声治理提供依据。避免了噪声治理的盲目性,更经济合理。     

适用于BAF的粉煤灰免烧陶粒的制备

为拓宽粉煤灰免烧陶粒的应用范围,使免烧法得以推广,本实验通过激发粉煤灰的潜在活性并选用污水厂剩余污泥为添加剂的方法制备免烧陶粒,使产品比市售烧结陶粒更适用于污水处理领域,为粉煤灰、污泥的处理提供一条经济合理的途径。实验对粉煤灰活性激发机理、污泥添加作用和陶粒物相组成(XRD)进行研究。制备陶粒产品的主要性能指标是破碎率1.9%,,表观密度为1667kg/m3,比表面积7.84m2/g。将制备免烧陶粒和市售烧结陶粒投入曝气生物滤池处理生活污水,结果表明利用污泥为添加剂,可在一定条件下制备出适用于BAF的性能优良的功能陶粒,达到经济节能、变废为宝的目的。     

基于羧甲基纤维素的铁盐水处理剂改进及其影响因素

采用羧甲基纤维素(CMC)物质,对铁盐(FeCl3)水处理絮凝剂进行改进,合成了CMC-铁盐新型复合絮凝剂,并使用2.0g/L的高岭土模拟污水的上层清液测定去除效率进行其优化反应条件的试验。结果表明,m(FeCl3)/m(CMC)为1∶2、m(CMC)/m(NaOH)为1∶1、水浴温度为50℃以及水浴时间为5h等条件下合成的新型复合絮凝剂絮凝性能最佳。     

Influence of soil type and genotype on Cd bioavailability and uptake by rice and implications for food safety

Cadmium (Cd) entering the human body via the food chain is of increasing concern. This study investigates the effects of soil type and genotype on variations in the Cd concentrations of different organs of nine rice plants grown on two types of soils with two Cd levels. Cd concentrations in nine rice cultivars varied significantly with genotype and soil type (P < 0.01). The Cd concentration was higher in red paddy soil (RP) than in yellow clayey paddy soil (YP). The average Cd concentrations of different organs in three rice types were indica > hybrid > japonica for the Cd treatments and controls. The polished grain concentration in YP and RP soils had a range of 0.055-0.23 mg/kg and 0.13-0.36 mg/kg in the Cd treatment, respectively. Two rice cultivars in YP soil and five rice cultivars in RP soil exceeded the concentration limits in the Chinese Food Hygiene Standard (0.2 mg/kg). The Cd concentrations in roots, stems, and leaves were all significantly and positively correlated to that in polished grain in a single test. The Cd concentrations in polished grain were positively and significantly (P < 0.01) correlated with the calculated transfer factors of stem to grain and leaf to grain Cd transfer. The results indicated that the variations of Cd concentration in grain were related to Cd uptake and the remobilization of Cd from stem and leaf to grain. Also, the cultivars with a strong tendency for Cd-accumulation should be avoided in paddy soil with low soil pH and low organic matter content to reduce the risks to human health from high Cd levels in rice.     

沉积物中三丁基锡对铜锈环棱螺肝胰脏抗氧化防御系统的影响

以铜锈环棱螺(Bellamya aeruginosa)为试验对象,采用人工添加TBT的自然沉积物对铜锈环棱螺进行静态暴露实验,研究了沉积物中不同浓度TBT长期暴露(30 d)对铜锈环棱螺肝胰脏的超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)和谷胱甘肽(GSH)的影响,以揭示TBT对它们影响的浓度效应关系。结果表明,沉积物中低浓度(100 ng/g)TBT对SOD、CAT和GSH没有影响。当TBT浓度为500～1000 ng/g时,SOD活性呈现浓度依耐性的升高。当TBT浓度为200～1000 ng/g时,CAT活性表现为浓度依耐性的升高。高浓度(2000 ng/g)TBT则导致SOD和CAT活性急剧下降,分别比对照下降了67.33%和54.87%。当TBT浓度为200～1000 ng/g时,GSH含量呈现浓度依耐性的下降,高浓度(2000 ng/g)TBT导致GSH含量急剧下降,比对照下降了76.87%。环境水平的TBT长期暴露对铜锈环棱螺肝胰脏产生了氧化胁迫,高浓度的TBT长期胁迫使肝胰脏受到了严重的氧化损伤。CAT和GSH可以用作环境水平TBT长期暴露的有效生物标志物。     

UV/H_2O_2、UV/O_3和O_3体系中自由基产生效率的比较研究

以水杨酸(Salicylic Acid,SA)为模型探针分子,采用高效液相色谱法(HPLC)研究了UV/H2O2、UV/O3和O3等高级氧化工艺的羟基自由基(·OH)产生效率。实验结果表明,在SA初始浓度40mg/L,反应时间10min,氧化剂投加量2mmol/L的条件下,2,5-DHBA和2,3-DHBA为水杨酸与·OH反应的主要中间产物。三种高级氧化工艺中,UV/H2O2体系具有最高的羟基自由基(·OH)产生效率。     

水质监测质量管理的实践与思考

水质监测全程序质量控制检查是质量管理的一项重要手段,是提高分析结果总体可靠性、了解或证实各实验室提供优质数据的能力的有力措施。本文对地表水监测质量检查情况进行了论述,分析总结所发现的问题,并根据具体情况提出解决的办法和建议,旨在为水质监测质量水平的提高起到借鉴作用。     

Wireless acquisition of temperature data from embedded thin film sensors in cutting insert

This paper presents the results of wireless data acquisition experiments from embedded micro thin film sensors in cutting inserts for machining. A bluetooth module is used to acquire data and establish communication with a receiver PC over the serial port profile (SPP). A signal conditioning circuit is designed and developed to increase the signal-to-noise ratio of the embedded micro thin film sensors. Moreover, an averaging filter algorithm is implemented as a software interface. To characterize the wireless data acquisition (DAQ) system, laser heating and turning tests are conducted. Both tests show that the wireless DAQ system is able to provide desirable capabilities as well as the wired one for the embedded thin film sensors in cutting inserts.